Icyuma cyuma kitagira umuyonga kuri ubu nicyo gikunze gukoreshwa cyane, gikoreshwa cyane, kandi nini nini yicyuma kinini ku isoko. Bikunze kwitwa meshi idafite ibyuma cyane cyane bivuga ibyuma bidafite ingese.
Mbere ya byose, reka twumve ingaruka yibintu byinshi byingenzi mubyuma bidafite ingese kumikorere yicyuma:
1. Chromium (Cr) nicyo kintu cyingenzi kigena kwangirika kwangirika kwicyuma. Kwangirika kwicyuma bigabanyijemo kwangirika kwimiti no kutangirika kwimiti. Ku bushyuhe bwinshi, ibyuma bifata mu buryo butaziguye hamwe na ogisijeni mu kirere kugira ngo bibe oxyde (ingese), ari yo miti yangirika; ku bushyuhe bwicyumba, iyi ruswa ntishobora kwangirika. Chromium iroroshye gukora firime yuzuye ya passivation muburyo bwa okiside. Iyi firime ya passivation irahamye kandi yuzuye, kandi ihujwe neza nicyuma fatizo, itandukanya rwose urufatiro nuburyo bwo hagati, bityo bikarushaho kunanirwa kwangirika kwamavuta. 11% ni urugero rwo hasi rwa chromium mubyuma bidafite ingese. Ibyuma bifite chromium iri munsi ya 11% mubisanzwe ntabwo byitwa ibyuma bidafite ingese.
2. Nickel (Ni) nibikoresho byiza birwanya ruswa nibintu byingenzi bigize austenite mubyuma. Nyuma ya nikel yongewemo ibyuma bidafite ingese, imiterere ihinduka cyane. Mugihe ibirimo bya nikel mubyuma bidafite ingese byiyongera, austenite iziyongera, kandi irwanya ruswa, irwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, hamwe nakazi kicyuma kitagira umwanda biziyongera, bityo bitezimbere imikorere yimikorere ikonje yicyuma. Kubwibyo, ibyuma bitagira umwanda bifite nikel nyinshi birakwiriye gushushanya insinga nziza na micro wire.
3. Molybdenum (Mo) irashobora kunoza kwangirika kwangirika kwicyuma. Kwiyongera kwa molybdenum mubyuma bitagira umwanda birashobora kurushaho kunyura hejuru yicyuma, bityo bikarushaho kunoza kwangirika kwangirika kwicyuma. Molybdenum ntishobora gukora imvura igwa mubyuma kugirango igwe molybdenum, bityo igabanye imbaraga zingirakamaro zicyuma.
4. Carbone (C) igereranwa na "0" mubikoresho bidafite ingese. A "0" bivuze ko ibirimo karubone biri munsi cyangwa bingana na 0.09%; "00" bivuze ko ibirimo karubone biri munsi cyangwa bingana na 0.03%. Kwiyongera kwa karubone bizagabanya kwangirika kwangirika kwicyuma, ariko birashobora kongera ubukana bwibyuma.
Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwibyuma bitagira umuyonga, harimo austenite, ferrite, martensite na duplex ibyuma bitagira umuyonga. Kuberako austenite ifite imikorere myiza yuzuye, ntabwo ari magnetique kandi ifite ubukana bwinshi na plastike, ikoreshwa mugutunganya insinga. Austenitike idafite ibyuma nicyuma cyiza cyane. Icyuma cya Austenitike kitagira umuyonga gifite 302 (1Cr8Ni9), 304 (0Cr18Ni9), 304L (00Cr19Ni10), 316 (0Cr17Ni12Mo2), 316L (00Cr17Ni14Mo2), 321 (0Cr18Ni9Ti). Urebye ibiri muri chromium (Cr), nikel (Ni), na molybdenum (Mo), 304 na 304L insinga zifite imikorere myiza muri rusange no kurwanya ruswa, kandi kuri ubu ni insinga ifite umubare munini w’icyuma kitagira umwanda; 316 na 316L zirimo nikel ndende, kandi Irimo molybdenum, irakwiriye cyane gushushanya insinga nziza, kandi ifite kurwanya ruswa kandi irwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi. Mesh-mesh yuzuye-ingano-mesh ntayindi.
Mubyongeyeho, dukeneye kwibutsa inshuti uruganda rukora insinga ko insinga zidafite ingese zifite igihe. Nyuma yo gushyirwa mubushyuhe bwicyumba mugihe runaka, impungenge zo gutunganya ibintu ziragabanuka, bityo insinga zicyuma zidafite ingese nyuma yigihe runaka nibyiza gukoresha nka meshi.
Kuberako ibyuma bidafite ingese bifite ibiranga kurwanya aside, kurwanya alkali, kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, imbaraga zikaze no kurwanya abrasion, birakwiriye cyane cyane gusuzuma udukoko no kuyungurura inshundura munsi ya aside na alkali ibidukikije. Kurugero, inganda za peteroli zikoreshwa nka ecran yicyondo, inganda za fibre chimique zikoreshwa nka filteri ya ecran, inganda zikoresha amashanyarazi zikoreshwa nka ecran ya pickling, hamwe na metallurgie, reberi, ikirere, igisirikare, ubuvuzi, ibiryo nizindi nganda zikoreshwa muri gaze na filtri yo kuyungurura nibindi bitandukanya itangazamakuru.
Igihe cyoherejwe: Nyakanga-23-2021